Blood pressure measures the hydrostatic force exerted by circulating blood against arterial walls. Systolic pressure represents cardiac ventricular contraction, while diastolic pressure measures arterial resistance during cardiac relaxation.
Classifying Blood Pressure Ranges
Normal blood pressure is defined as Systolic < 120 mmHg and Diastolic < 80 mmHg. Stage 1 Hypertension begins at 130-139 mmHg Systolic or 80-89 mmHg Diastolic based on repeated clinical measurements.
Key Risk Factors and Vascular Impact
Excess dietary sodium, physical inactivity, chronic stress, and smoking cause progressive arterial wall stiffening, increasing cardiac workload and stroke risk.
When Should You Consult a Specialist?
- Consistently elevated BP readings exceeding 140/90 mmHg.
- Occurrences of morning occipital headache, chest tightness, or shortness of breath.
Medical Information & Responsibility Disclaimer
General medical knowledge only. Seek immediate emergency care for sudden severe chest pain or neurological deficit.
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